Evidence for an incentive sensitization framework to. Finally, in part iv the theory is elaborated and its implications discussed in greater detail. Shelby hannan critical evaluation of the incentive sensitization theory the university of leeds 2 with the ever increasing research conducted around drug addiction, there are numerous amounts of theories leading us to believe that incentive sensitization is one of the most prominent aspects of the addiction process. These are the sources and citations used to research the theory of incentive sensitization. Incentive salience an overview sciencedirect topics. Liking, wanting, and the incentivesensitization theory of addiction. That is, what is the psychological and neurobiological basis of drug craving. Review the incentive sensitization theory of addiction. Robinson and berridge 1993 postulated the incentivesensitization theory ist. Consequently, incentive sensitization results in an increased focus toward drug cues and. According to the incentive sensitization theory of addiction robinson and berridge 1993, attribution of incentive salience to a reward cue becomes exaggerated in addicts as a result of longlasting mesolimbic brain changes paulson, camp, and robinson 1991. Robinson in this chapter we present a brief overview of the incentivesensitization theory of addiction.
Robinson and berridge have described a theory of addiction based on preconscious sensitization of neural systems. Through the years, it has been gradually recognized that drugs can cause complex changes. Investigating an incentivesensitization model of eating. The incentive sensitization theory of addiction is a useful explanation of how addiction occurs. Explanations addiction incentivesensitization theory of addiction. Terry robinson and kent berridge in 1993, the idea behind this theory is that a person can change how their brain sees addiction. Theories and a biopsychology of addiction uk essays. The assignment of incentive salience to stimuli is dysregulated in addiction. The incentive sensitization theory of addiction posits that wanting to take drugs, especially when triggered by drug cues, becomes excessive in addicts because of druginduced changes in brain. Drug addiction final shelby hannan critical evaluation of. Philosophical transactions of the royal society of london. Start studying behavioural incentive sensitisation theory.
Liking, wanting, and the incentive sensitization theory of addiction. Yet, our knowledge of the mechanisms that cause these disorders to coalesce remains limited. This is based on a journal club presentation i gave last year that i spent hours preparing for it was fantastic though, because i learned so much about a topic. The incentive sensitization theory provides a psychological framework and a. Incentive salience is a cognitive process that confers a desire or want attribute, which includes a motivational component, to a rewarding stimulus. For example, experiments in the berridge lab have shown that putting a rats brain into an elevated state of. The incentive sensitization theory of addiction describes how druginduced changes in the brain may contribute to the transition from casual drug use to addiction. Incentive salience and the transition to addiction robinson lab.
Reward is the attractive and motivational property of a stimulus that induces appetitive behavior also known as approach behavior and consummatory behavior. Aug 12, 2014 the theory is a model of neuroadaptation in which the nervous system adapts behaviorally and neurochemically deckers, 2010. In part i the, theory is summarized to give a brief overview of its major fea tures. According to this theory, repeated exposure to drugs of abuse promotes the progressive sensitization of neuronal activation within specific brain reward circuitry. Hypersensitization wanting repetition desire see also. The reason why incentive salience occurs with addiction is because the brain of the individual has become sensitized to the substance. How we change what others think, feel, believe and do. In this theory, there is a sensitization to the incentive motivational effects of drugs and drugpaired cues. Behavioural incentive sensitisation theory flashcards quizlet. This chapter focuses on and provides a general overview of the incentive sensitization theory of addiction. In your answer, be sure to discuss both behavioral and neurophysiological changes that take place in addiction. Polandaddiction and responsibility 2 drug addiction as incentive sensitization kent c. Through repetition of drug use, the brain of an addict becomes sensitized to drug stimuli deckers, 2010 causing an increase of the probability. Excessive wanting results from druginduced neural sensitization changes in underlying brain mesolimbic systems of incentive.
According to this theory, drug addiction develops from a sensitization of the mesolimbic dopamine system. Describe the incentive sensitization theory of addiction. Addiction is a disorder of the brains reward system which arises through transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms and develops over time from chronically high levels of exposure to an addictive stimulus e. Liking, wanting, and the incentivesensitization theory of.
Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. The incentive sensitization theoryof by this view, drug craving and addictive behavior are addiction. Robinson in this chapter we present a brief overview of the incentive sensitization theory of addiction. Drug addiction as incentive sensitization request pdf. Berridge department of psychology biopsychology program, the university of michigan, east hall, 530 church street, ann arbor, mi 48109, usa we present a brief overview of the incentive sensitization theory of addiction. Persistent druginduced changes in the brain alter a number of psychological processes, resulting in various symptoms of addiction. Ive already outlined this theory of drug addiction but id like to elaborate on it a little bit more, and give a greater insight into the body of research that it has stimulated. This posits that addiction is caused primarily by druginduced sensitization in the brain mesocorticolimbic systems that attribute incentive salience to rewardassociated stimuli. Terry robinson have formulated a contemporary theory of addiction called the incentive sensitization theory of addiction.
Incentive sensitization theory, proposed by terry robinson and kent berridge in 1993 robinson and berridge, 1993, states that drug craving and desire results from an incentive, but not from pleasure deckers, 2010. There are six criteria that must be met inorder for addiction to fall under incentive sensitization theory. This posits that addiction is caused primarily by druginduced sensitization in the brain mesocorticolimbic systems. The sensitization of dopamine systems is gated by associative learning, which causes excessive incentive salience to be attributed to the act of drug taking and to stimuli associated with drug taking. In addiction, normal wanting processes become distorted and excessive, according to the incentivesensitization theory. We present a brief overview of the incentive sensitization theory of addiction. Sexual addiction chapter from neurobiology of addiction. First, suppression of drug elicited brain activation to drugs is by no means a universal finding. Applying incentive sensitization models to behavioral addiction.
What is the best way to model addiction symptoms using animal models. An essay on the incentivesensitization theory of drug. This paper presents a biopsychological theory of drug addiction, the incentivesensitization theory. The incentive sensitization theory is a promising model for understanding the mechanisms underlying drug addiction, and has received support in animal and human studies. Susceptible individuals can develop hypersensitization if they are repeatedly exposed to addictive substances.
According to robinson and berridge 2008, the theory states that repeated drug use changes brain cells and brain neural circuitry creating a hypersensitivity to repeated drug use and associated drug cues. The incentivesensitization theory of addiction is a useful explanation of how addiction occurs. The line can be hard to discern, making disease sometimes a tricky word. Incentivesensitization theory of addiction changing minds. The question of addiction concerns the process by which drugtaking behavior, in certain individuals, evolves into compulsive patterns of drugseeking and drugtaking behavior that take place at the expense of most other activities, and the inability to cease drugtaking, that is, the problem of relapse. That is what the incentive sensitization theory attempts to find. The incentive sensitization theory of addiction best explains the transition from drug use to drug addiction. Third, we present our incentivesensitization theory. The incentive sensitization theory suggests that sensitization of neural wanting pathways, which attribute incentive salience to rewards and their cues, is.
So far the theory has not been applied to the case of behavioral addictions like gambling disorder, despite sharing clinical symptoms and underlying neurobiology. Poland addiction and responsibility 2 drug addiction as incentive sensitization kent c. Rewards are both liked and wanted, and those 2 words seem almost interchangeable. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The incentive salience theory of addiction has also focused on classical conditioning as a mechanism to drive compulsive drug seeking 71. An overview the incentive sensitization theory of addiction posits that addictive behavior is due largely to. If addiction is a disease, however, there is the potential to find a cure. Oct 24, 2018 gambling disorder is an impairing condition confounded by psychiatric comorbidity, particularly with substance use and anxiety disorders. The incentive sensitization theory is when drugs sensitize parts of the brain that control reinforcement dopamine pathways, so is explains addictive behavior by using a change in motivational sensitivity. Incentive salience is regulated by dopamine activity in the mesocorticolimbic pathway of the brain. This bibliography was generated on cite this for me on wednesday, may 4, 2016. While forus ing on drug addiction, they ackrowiedeed that because natural rewards also involve dopaminergic re ard systems. The question of addiction concerns the process by which drugtaking behavior, in certain individuals, evolves.